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| children = | family = Larry Crosby (brother) Bob Crosby (brother) Denise Crosby (granddaughter) Gregory Crosby (grandson) 〔 IMDB.com Gregory Crosby http://www.imdb.com/name/nm2125481/?ref_=fn_al_nm_1 〕 | occupation = Singer, actor | home_town = Spokane, Washington | module = }} Harry Lillis "Bing" Crosby, Jr. (May 3, 1903 – October 14, 1977)〔Giddins 2001, pp. 30–31.〕 was an American singer and actor. Crosby's trademark warm bass-baritone voice made him the best-selling recording artist of the 20th century, having sold over one billion〔http://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/08/movies/review-television-bing-crosby-s-2-lives-in-public-and-in-private.html 〕 records, tapes, compact discs and digital downloads around the world.〔 The first multimedia star, from 1931 to 1954 Crosby was a leader in record sales, radio ratings, and motion picture grosses.〔Giddins, 2001, p. 8.〕 His early career coincided with technical recording innovations such as the microphone. This allowed him to develop a laid-back, intimate singing style that influenced many of the popular male singers who followed him, including Perry Como, Frank Sinatra, and Dean Martin. ''Yank'' magazine recognized Crosby as the person who had done the most for American G.I. morale during World War II and, during his peak years, around 1948, American polls declared him the "most admired man alive", ahead of Jackie Robinson and Pope Pius XII.〔Giddins, 2001, p. 6.〕 Also in 1948, the ''Music Digest'' estimated that Crosby recordings filled more than half of the 80,000 weekly hours allocated to recorded radio music.〔 Crosby won an Academy Award for Best Actor for his role as Father Chuck O'Malley in the 1944 motion picture ''Going My Way'', and was nominated for his reprise of the role in ''The Bells of St. Mary's'' opposite Ingrid Bergman the next year, becoming the first of four actors to be nominated twice for playing the same character. In 1963, Crosby received the first Grammy Global Achievement Award. He is one of the 22 people to have three stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame (a star for motion pictures, radio, and audio recording). Crosby also exerted an important influence on the development of the postwar recording industry. He became the first performer to pre-record his radio shows and master his commercial recordings onto magnetic tape. Through the medium of recording, Crosby constructed his radio programs with the same directorial tools and craftsmanship (editing, retaking, rehearsal, time shifting) used in motion picture production, which became the industry standard. In addition to his work with early tape recording, he helped to finance the development of videotape, bought television stations, bred racehorses, and co-owned the Pittsburgh Pirates baseball team. ==Childhood== Crosby was born on May 3, 1903〔Grudens, 2002, p. 236. "Bing was born on May 3, 1903. He always believed he was born on May 2, 1904."〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=bingcrosby.com )〕 in Tacoma, Washington, in a house his father built at 1112 North J Street.〔Crosby had no birth certificate and his birth date was unconfirmed until his childhood Roman Catholic church released his baptismal record.〕 In 1906, Crosby's family moved to Spokane, and in 1913, Crosby's father built a house at 508 E. Sharp Ave. The house now sits on the campus of Crosby's alma mater Gonzaga University and formerly housed the Alumni Association. He was the fourth of seven children: brothers Larry (1895–1975), Everett (1896–1966), Ted (1900–1973), and Bob (1913–1993); and two sisters, Catherine (1904–1974) and Mary Rose (1906–1990). His parents were Harry Lowe Crosby, Sr. (1870–1950), a bookkeeper, and Catherine Helen "Kate" (née Harrigan; 1873–1964).〔 Crosby's mother was a second generation Irish-American. His father was of English descent; some of his ancestors had emigrated to America in the 17th century, and included ''Mayflower'' passenger William Brewster (c. 1567 – April 10, 1644).〔Giddins, 2001, p. 24.〕 In 1910, seven-year-old Harry Crosby Jr. was forever renamed. The Sunday edition of the ''Spokesman-Review'' published a feature called "The Bingville Bugle". Written by humorist Newton Newkirk, ''The Bingville Bugle'' was a parody of a hillbilly newsletter filled with gossipy tidbits, minstrel quips, creative spelling, and mock ads. A neighbor, 15-year-old Valentine Hobart, shared Crosby's enthusiasm for "The Bugle" and noting Crosby's laugh, took a liking to him and called him "Bingo from Bingville". Eventually the last vowel was dropped and the nickname stuck. In 1917, Crosby took a summer job as property boy at Spokane's "Auditorium", where he witnessed some of the finest acts of the day, including Al Jolson, who held Crosby spellbound with his ad libbing and spoofs of Hawaiian songs. Crosby later described Jolson's delivery as "electric". Crosby graduated from Gonzaga High School (today's Gonzaga Prep) in 1920 and enrolled at Gonzaga University. He attended Gonzaga for three years, but did not earn a bachelor's degree. As a freshman, he played on the University's baseball team.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bing Crosby and Gonzaga University: 1903 - 1925 )〕 The university granted him an honorary doctorate in 1937. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bing Crosby」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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